[Current phase of control of epidemiological surveillance of poliomyelitis in Spain]. / Fase actual de control de la vigilancia epidemiológica de la poliomielitis en España.

In Spain, the last case of indigenous wild virus poliomyelitis occurred in 1988. Since then cases detected by the surveillance system are either imported cases, cases associated with vaccine or OPV derivatives (VDPV). The Plan of Action required for Certificate of Achievement of polio eradication began in 1997. The activities were agreed with the regions and approved by the Inter-territorial Council of Health. The plan integrates epidemiological surveillance and laboratory activities: - Implement an effective surveillance system acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) in children under 15 years - Achieve and maintain high immunization coverage (95% in the primary series in children under 2 years old). - Environmental monitoring through surveillance of enteroviruses. In the implementation of the Plan in Spain have remained high vaccination coverage and concern to avoid susceptible bags in vulnerable populations. Surveillance System Acute Flaccid Paralysis in children under 15 years has been consistently evaluated by the quality indicators related to the sensitivity, timeliness (in reporting and sampling) and the indicators for epidemiological research and laboratory. The challenges of polio surveillance are introducing cases: imported polio caused by wild poliovirus, vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) or poliovirus vaccine. Therefore, all activities should continue until a polio-free world.

Fase actual de control de la vigilancia epidemiológica de la poliomielitis en España / Current phase of control of epidemiological surveillance of poliomyelitis in Spain

En España, el último caso de poliomielitis por virus salvaje autóctono ocurrió en 1988. Desde entonces los casos detectado por el sistema de vigilancia epidemiológica corresponden o bien a casos importados, casos asociados a la vacuna o derivados de la vacuna oral (VDPV). El Plan de Actuaciones necesarias para la Consecución del Certificado de Erradicación de la Poliomielitis se inició en 1997. Las actividades incluidas fueron consensuadas con las comunidades autónomas y aprobadas en el Consejo Interterritorial del Sistema Nacional de Salud. El plan integra actividades de vigilancia epidemiológica y actividades de Laboratorio: - Implantar un sistema de vigilancia eficaz de parálisis flácida agudas (PFA) en menores de 15 años. - Alcanzar y mantener altas cobertura de inmunización (del 95% en la serie primaria, en menores de 2 años). - Vigilancia medioambiental mediante la vigilancia de enterovirus. En la aplicación del Plan en España se han mantenido altas coberturas de vacunación y especial preocupación por evitar bolsas de susceptibles en grupos de población vulnerables. El Sistema de Vigilancia de Parálisis Flácida Aguda en menores de 15 años ha sido constantemente evaluado mediante los indicadores de calidad referidos a la sensibilidad, oportunidad (en la notificación y toma de muestras) y los indicadores referentes a la investigación epidemiológica y de laboratorio. Los retos de la vigilancia de la poliomielitis son la introducción de casos: importados de polio producido por poliovirus salvaje, poliovirus derivados de la vacuna (VDPV) o poliovirus vacunales. Por ello, todas las actividades deben continuar hasta conseguir un mundo libre de polio (AU)

In Spain, the last case of indigenous wild virus poliomyelitis occurred in 1988. Since then cases detected by the surveillance system are either imported cases, cases associated with vaccine or OPV derivatives (VDPV). The Plan of Action required for Certificate of Achievement of polio eradication began in 1997. The activities were agreed with the regions and approved by the Inter-territorial Council of Health. The plan integrates epidemiological surveillance and laboratory activities: - Implement an effective surveillance system acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) in children under 15 years - Achieve and maintain high immunization coverage (95% in the primary series in children under 2 years old). - Environmental monitoring through surveillance of enteroviruses. In the implementation of the Plan in Spain have remained high vaccination coverage and concern to avoid susceptible bags in vulnerable populations. Surveillance System Acute Flaccid Paralysis in children under 15 years has been consistently evaluated by the quality indicators related to the sensitivity, timeliness (in reporting and sampling) and the indicators for epidemiological research and laboratory. The challenges of polio surveillance are introducing cases: imported polio caused by wild poliovirus, vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) or poliovirus vaccine. Therefore, all activities should continue until a polio-free world (AU)